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Methanol extract of Xanthium
strumarium L. possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive
activities.
Kim
IT, Park
YM, Won
JH, Jung
HJ, Park
HJ, Choi
JW, Lee
KT.
College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul,
Korea.
As an attempt to identify bioactive natural products with
anti-inflammatory activity, we evaluated the effects of the methanol
extract of the semen of Xanthium strumarium L. (MEXS) on
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2
(PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production in RAW
264.7 cells. Our data indicate that MEXS is a potent inhibitor of NO,
PGE2 and TNF-alpha production. Consistent with these findings, the
expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and
cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein and iNOS, COX-2 and TNF-alpha mRNA were
down-regulated in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, MEXS
inhibited nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) DNA binding activity and
the translocation of NF-kappaB to the nucleus by blocking the
degradation of inhibitor of kappa B-alpha (IkappaB-alpha). We further
evaluated the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of MEXS
in vivo. MEXS (100, 200 mg/kg/d, p.o.) reduced acute paw edema induced
by carrageenin in rats, and showed analgesic activities in an acetic
acid-induced abdominal constriction test and a hot plate test in mice.
Thus, our study suggests that the inhibitions of iNOS, COX-2 expression,
and TNF-alpha release by the methanol extract of the semen of Xanthium
strumarium L. are achieved by blocking NF-kappaB activation, and that
this is also responsible for its anti-inflammatory effects.
PMID:
15635170 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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